Person
Yose ben Yose—the first payyetan whose name we know יוסי בן יוסי
his Azkir Gevurot has been read on Yom Kippur for fifteen hundred years
His byname is ha-yatom, the orphan. He lived in the Land of Israel; besides the Avodot there stand in his name a confession for the eve of Kol Nidrei and a teki'ata for the musaf of Rosh ha-Shanah. Some selihot that went under his name scholarship now disputes as Babylonian.
His century is argued: present scholarship sets the fourth to fifth, the encyclopedia said cautiously "not later than the end of the sixth". We set the window by the scholarship and name both readings. Either way he is older than Yannai and Kalir—and with him the signed piyyut begins.
On the timeline
Related
Sources
Rishonim
- Azkir Gevurot, the Yom Kippur Avodah — the oldest signed piyyut in the order of the day
Scholarship
- The Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) — the byname, the works and the dispute over the century
Basis: Talmud and midrash.