Seder Olama timeline of Jewish history

Mar Zutra II—the exilarch who rose in revolt מר זוטרא השני

seven years of a Jewish state with its seat at Mahoza

The account is preserved in the chronicle Seder Olam Zuta. King Kavadh backed the Mazdakite movement with its community of goods; the exilarch stood against it—and for some years Mahoza was the seat of an independent Jewish dominion that levied its own taxes.

Then the Persians prevailed. Mar Zutra and his grandfather Mar Hanina were seized and beheaded, and their bodies were hung on crosses on the bridge of Mahoza—so the chronicle says: executed, and displayed after.

The years diverge. The encyclopedia sets the rule at 512–520 and the birth about 496; another reading gives the exilarchate from 483 and the seven years of independence 495–502. We hold to the encyclopedia and name the other reading.

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Sources

Rishonim

  • Seder Olam Zuta — the revolt, the seven years and the execution at the bridge

Scholarship

  • The Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) — the years of rule and the divergence of readings

Basis: Talmud and midrash.

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